J.D. Power 2025 Initial Quality Survey Results

Lexus and Nissan take top honors in the new J.D. Power 2025 U.S. Initial Quality Study (IQS).  Lexus takes overall honors, followed by Jaguar and Genesis in the premium segment. Nissan is the high-ranking mass market automaker followed by Hyundai and Chevrolet.

J.D. Power says this year's study found that despite the growing complexity of today’s new vehicles, the number of problems cited by owners in the first 90 days of ownership has improved slightly. Overall, problems per 100 vehicles (PP100) have improved to 192 PP100 from 194 PP100 a year ago. Premium brands have improved 27 PP100 to 203 PP100 from 230 PP100 in 2024, largely driven by Tesla, while problems among mass market brands have increased to 187 PP100 from 181 PP100 in 2024. A lower score reflects higher vehicle quality. 

As always, the infotainment category is the biggest problem area in the study, but it improves 1.9 PP100.  Researchers say while half of the top problems industry-wide remain infotainment issues, 11 infotainment problems show improvement from a year ago. However, they say owners are having more touchscreen-related problems due to the inclusion of non-audio-related features like climate controls, garage door openers and even glove box releases.

“While customers do find the larger touchscreens visually appealing, their functionality within the vehicle is an increasing source of frustration,” said Frank Hanley, senior director of auto benchmarking at J.D. Power. “Customers are having to tap and swipe through multiple screens to access key vehicle functions like climate settings and built-in garage door openers. Owners find these things to be overly complicated and too distracting to use while driving. By retaining dedicated physical controls for some of these interactions, automakers can alleviate pain points and simplify the overall customer experience.”

Following are some key findings of the 2025 study:

• Premium vehicles have more defects than mass market counterparts: J.D. Power says while design-related issues are equal between mass market and premium vehicles, defect/malfunction-related issues are more prevalent on premium vehicles. Exterior is the largest area of discrepancy, with premium vehicles averaging 4.2 more problems than mass market vehicles, mostly driven by those from non-traditional automakers.
   
• Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have most problems: For the first time, PHEVs, on average, have more problems than their battery electric vehicle (BEV) counterparts (237 PP100 vs. 212 PP100, respectively). Gasoline (184 PP100) and hybrid (196 PP100) vehicles have fewer problems than PHEVs and BEVs. The improvement in BEVs is driven by a 62 PP100 improvement for Tesla.
   
• Problematic launches and late model-year changeovers: Researchers say new-model launches account for the highest number of problems (203 PP100) since the study was redesigned in 2020, compared with 190 PP100 for carryover models. Of the 18 new models launched this year, only two have fewer problems than their respective segment average. “Typically, problems for new launches are balanced with some being successful and others having issues,” Hanley said. “This year, however, new launches are notably more problematic.” The good news for the new launches is that they require fewer repair visits than the carryover models.
   
• Shifting consumer preferences increase cupholder frustration:   Surprise, cupholdes are an increasing source of owner frustration. J.D. Power says while it seemed like manufacturers had cupholders figured out, given that owners are now bringing more reusable containers into their vehicles, manufacturers are struggling to keep up with being able to accommodate all the different shapes and sizes that are increasingly available. Consequently, owners are again citing more problems in this area, with the expectation that their vehicle should be able to hold different sizes of containers.

About the Study

The U.S. Initial Quality Study, now in its 39th year, is based this year on responses from 92,694 purchasers and lessees of new 2025 model-year vehicles who were surveyed after 90 days of ownership. J.D. Power says the study additionally incorporates repair visit data based on hundreds of thousands of real-world events reported to franchised new-vehicle dealers. The methodology unites state-of-the-art vehicle repair data with traditional J.D. Power Voice of the Customer (VOC) data while fielding continuously year-round. Researchers say this enhanced IQS data allows automakers the ability to quickly identify potential issues before they become bigger problems in the quality landscape.

The study is based on a battery of 227 VOC questions plus relevant repair data, all of which is organized into 10 vehicle categories: infotainment; features, controls and displays; exterior; driving assistance; interior; powertrain; seats; driving experience; climate; and unspecified (unique to repair). The study is designed to provide manufacturers with information to facilitate the identification of problems and to drive product improvement. The study was fielded from June 2024 through May 2025.

Highest-Ranking Brands and Models

Lexus is the highest-ranking brand overall in initial quality with a score of 166 PP100. Among premium brands, Jaguar (175 PP100) ranks second and Genesis (183 PP100) ranks third.

Among mass market brands, Nissan ranks highest with a score of 169 PP100. Hyundai (173 PP100) ranks second and Chevrolet (178 PP100) ranks third.

The parent corporation receiving the most model-level awards is General Motors Company (five awards), followed by Ford Motor Company (four awards) and Honda Motor Company (three awards). Among brands, Ford receives the most segment awards (four), followed by Chevrolet (three).

• General Motors Company models that rank highest in their respective segment are Buick Encore GX, Cadillac XT5, Chevrolet Blazer, Chevrolet Silverado and Chevrolet Tahoe. 
   
• Ford Motor Company models that rank highest in their respective segment are Ford Escape, Ford F-150, Ford Mustang and Ford Super Duty. 
   
• Honda Motor Company models that rank highest in their respective segment are Acura Integra, Acura RDX and Honda Odyssey. 
   
• Volkswagen AG has the highest-ranking model overall, the Porsche 911, with 116 PP100.

Plant Quality Awards

J.D. Power also gives out plant quality awards.  These are based solely on defects and malfunctions and exclude design-related problems and repair incidents.

BMW AG’s Graz (Magna Steyr-BMW), Austria, plant, which manufactures the BMW Z4, receives the Platinum Plant Quality Award.  

Gold Plant Quality Awards for North/South America, in a tie, go to Toyota Motor Corporation’s Cambridge South plant in Ontario, Canada, which produces the Lexus RX, and Toyota Motor Corporation’s Georgetown 3, Kentucky, plant, which produces the Lexus ES. The Gold Plant Quality Award for Asia Pacific goes to Toyota Motor Corporation’s Tahara Lexus, Japan, plant, which produces the Lexus IS, Lexus LS and Lexus NX.